What is the definition of Positive Reinforcement?

Positive reinforcement is defined as a process in which a behavior is followed by the addition of a stimulus that increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future. This means that when a desired behavior occurs, a rewarding stimulus is presented, which encourages the individual to perform that behavior again. For example, giving a child praise or a treat for completing their homework serves as positive reinforcement, motivating them to complete homework in the future.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the definition of positive reinforcement. The removal of a stimulus would indicate negative reinforcement, which focuses on strengthening behavior by taking away an undesired condition. Punishment, as mentioned in one option, instead aims to decrease the occurrence of a behavior by introducing an adverse stimulus or consequence. Lastly, a behavior that occurs without any consequence does not influence the likelihood of that behavior happening again, thus falling outside the scope of reinforcement entirely.